Intro: Key devices in power electronic devices

Silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs), additionally referred to as thyristors, are semiconductor power devices with a four-layer triple junction structure (PNPN). Given that its introduction in the 1950s, SCRs have actually been widely made use of in commercial automation, power systems, home appliance control and various other fields because of their high stand up to voltage, large existing bring capacity, rapid response and simple control. With the advancement of modern technology, SCRs have evolved right into many kinds, including unidirectional SCRs, bidirectional SCRs (TRIACs), turn-off thyristors (GTOs) and light-controlled thyristors (LTTs). The differences in between these kinds are not just mirrored in the framework and functioning principle, but additionally establish their applicability in various application circumstances. This short article will begin with a technical viewpoint, combined with specific criteria, to deeply evaluate the main differences and regular uses of these 4 SCRs.

Unidirectional SCR: Standard and steady application core

Unidirectional SCR is the most standard and common sort of thyristor. Its structure is a four-layer three-junction PNPN plan, including three electrodes: anode (A), cathode (K) and gateway (G). It only enables present to stream in one direction (from anode to cathode) and switches on after eviction is activated. When switched on, even if eviction signal is eliminated, as long as the anode current is higher than the holding current (generally less than 100mA), the SCR stays on.

(Thyristor Rectifier)

Unidirectional SCR has solid voltage and present resistance, with an onward recurring peak voltage (V DRM) of approximately 6500V and a ranked on-state average current (ITAV) of approximately 5000A. Therefore, it is widely made use of in DC motor control, commercial heater, uninterruptible power supply (UPS) correction components, power conditioning tools and other celebrations that require continual conduction and high power handling. Its advantages are straightforward framework, affordable and high reliability, and it is a core component of several conventional power control systems.

Bidirectional SCR (TRIAC): Suitable for a/c control

Unlike unidirectional SCR, bidirectional SCR, likewise called TRIAC, can accomplish bidirectional transmission in both favorable and negative half cycles. This framework contains 2 anti-parallel SCRs, which permit TRIAC to be set off and turned on at any time in the AC cycle without transforming the circuit link method. The balanced transmission voltage series of TRIAC is usually ± 400 ~ 800V, the optimum tons current is about 100A, and the trigger current is less than 50mA.

As a result of the bidirectional conduction characteristics of TRIAC, it is especially appropriate for air conditioning dimming and rate control in household devices and customer electronics. For example, tools such as light dimmers, follower controllers, and a/c unit fan rate regulators all depend on TRIAC to attain smooth power guideline. On top of that, TRIAC also has a lower driving power need and is suitable for incorporated layout, so it has actually been extensively used in wise home systems and tiny home appliances. Although the power density and switching speed of TRIAC are not comparable to those of new power tools, its low cost and convenient use make it a crucial gamer in the area of tiny and moderate power air conditioner control.

Gateway Turn-Off Thyristor (GTO): A high-performance rep of active control

Gateway Turn-Off Thyristor (GTO) is a high-performance power tool developed on the basis of typical SCR. Unlike common SCR, which can only be turned off passively, GTO can be shut off proactively by using a negative pulse present to eviction, hence accomplishing more versatile control. This feature makes GTO perform well in systems that require constant start-stop or fast response.

(Thyristor Rectifier)

The technological specifications of GTO show that it has exceptionally high power taking care of capability: the turn-off gain has to do with 4 ~ 5, the optimum operating voltage can get to 6000V, and the optimum operating current depends on 6000A. The turn-on time is about 1μs, and the turn-off time is 2 ~ 5μs. These efficiency indications make GTO widely utilized in high-power scenarios such as electrical engine grip systems, huge inverters, industrial electric motor regularity conversion control, and high-voltage DC transmission systems. Although the drive circuit of GTO is relatively complex and has high changing losses, its performance under high power and high vibrant reaction demands is still irreplaceable.

Light-controlled thyristor (LTT): A trusted choice in the high-voltage isolation atmosphere

Light-controlled thyristor (LTT) makes use of optical signals instead of electrical signals to activate transmission, which is its biggest function that distinguishes it from various other sorts of SCRs. The optical trigger wavelength of LTT is typically in between 850nm and 950nm, the reaction time is determined in split seconds, and the insulation degree can be as high as 100kV or above. This optoelectronic isolation device considerably enhances the system’s anti-electromagnetic disturbance capability and safety.

LTT is primarily used in ultra-high voltage straight existing transmission (UHVDC), power system relay defense devices, electromagnetic compatibility protection in medical equipment, and army radar interaction systems etc, which have very high requirements for security and security. As an example, numerous converter stations in China’s “West-to-East Power Transmission” project have adopted LTT-based converter shutoff modules to ensure stable procedure under extremely high voltage problems. Some advanced LTTs can additionally be integrated with gate control to attain bidirectional conduction or turn-off functions, further increasing their application array and making them a suitable option for addressing high-voltage and high-current control problems.

Vendor

Luoyang Datang Energy Tech Co.Ltd focuses on the research, development, and application of power electronics technology and is devoted to supplying customers with high-quality transformers, thyristors, and other power products. Our company mainly has solar inverters, transformers, voltage regulators, distribution cabinets, thyristors, module, diodes, heatsinks, and other electronic devices or semiconductors. If you want to know more about , please feel free to contact us.(sales@pddn.com)

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