Chemical Name for MnO: Manganese(II) Oxide. Common name: Manganosite. Formula MnO indicates one manganese atom bonded to one oxygen atom. The Roman numeral II signifies the manganese ion in its +2 oxidation state. It is an inorganic compound, a binary oxide of manganese. Appearance is typically green crystals or powder. Its crystal structure is cubic rock salt type. Manganese(II) oxide occurs naturally as the mineral manganosite, though rare. More commonly produced synthetically. Preparation methods include thermal decomposition of manganese carbonate (MnCO3) or reduction of higher manganese oxides like MnO2 with hydrogen or carbon monoxide. Requires careful control to avoid oxidation to Mn2O3 or Mn3O4. Key properties: Ionic compound. Basic oxide, reacting with acids to form manganese(II) salts. Insoluble in water. Exhibits antiferromagnetic ordering below 118 K. Thermally stable but oxidizes slowly in air. Primary industrial uses are in ceramics and glassmaking. Acts as a colorant, producing amethyst color in glass. Used in pottery glazes. Also finds application in fertilizers as a manganese nutrient source. Serves as a precursor material for manufacturing other manganese compounds like ferrites. Important in dry cell batteries historically. Used in some catalysts. Requires careful handling; manganese compounds can be toxic upon excessive exposure, particularly affecting the nervous system. Manganese(II) oxide is distinct from manganese dioxide (MnO2) and manganese(II,III) oxide (Mn3O4). Its stoichiometric composition is crucial for specific applications demanding pure MnO phase. Fundamental manganese compound studied in materials science and solid-state chemistry.
(chemical name for mno)
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